What is cladosporium allergy
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81101
Grant, C.R.; Rees, T.A.
Sorbitol metabolism by apple seedlings
Phytochemistry
20
1505-1511
1981
Laminaria digitata
—
brenda
94714
Singh, M.; Scrutton, N.S.; Scrutton, M.C.
NADPH generation in Aspergillus nidulans: is the mannitol cycle involved?
J. Gen. Microbiol.
134
643-654
1988
Aspergillus nidulans
3141571
brenda
94717
Hult, K.; Veide, A.; Gatenbeck, S.
The distribution of the NADPH regenerating mannitol cycle among fungal species
Arch. Microbiol.
128
253-255
1980
Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Ceratocystis multiannulata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium graminearum, Neurospora crassa, Penicillium glabrum, Talaromyces islandicus, Thermomyces lanuginosus
6782999
brenda
285854
Stoop, J.M.H.; Mooibroek, H.
Cloning and characterization of NADP-dependent dehydrogenase cDNA from the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, and its expression in response to NaCl stress
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
64
4689-4696
1998
Agaricus bisporus
9835550
brenda
285855
Adachi, O.; Toyama, H.; Matsushita, K.
Crystalline NADP-dependent D-mannitol dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter suboxydans
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
63
402-407
1999
Gluconobacter oxydans, Gluconobacter oxydans IFO 12528
27393065
brenda
285856
Kulkarni, R.K.
Mannitol metabolism in Lentinus edodes, the shiitake mushroom
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
56
250-253
1990
Lentinula edodes
16348099
brenda
285858
Martin, F.; Canet, D.; Marchal, J.P.
13C Nuclear magnetic resonance study of mannitol cycle and trehalose synthesis during glucose utilization by the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete Cenococcum graniforme
Plant Physiol.
77
499-502
1985
Cenococcum graniforme
16664085
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285859
Morton, N.; Dickerson, A.G.; Hammond, J.B.W.
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J.
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Agaricus bisporus
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Boutelje, J.; Hult, K.; Gatenbeck, S.
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Eur. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
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Penicillium chrysogenum
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285861
Niehaus, W.G.; Dilts, R.P.
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Aspergillus parasiticus
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Clancy, F.G.; Coffey, M.D.
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J. Gen. Microbiol.
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Ruffner, H.P.; Rast, D.; Tobler, H.; Karesch, H.
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Phytochemistry
17
865-868
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Agaricus bisporus
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285866
Sasajima, K.; Isono, M.
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Agric. Biol. Chem.
32
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Gluconobacter oxydans
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285867
Strobel, G.A.; Kosuge, T.
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Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
109
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Diplodia viticola Desm.
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285868
Edmundowicz, J.M.; Wriston, J.C.
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J. Biol. Chem.
238
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Agaricus campestris
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285869
Hammond, J.B.W.
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J. Gen. Microbiol.
102
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Agaricus bisporus
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285870
Horer, S.; Stoop, J.; Mooibroek, H.; Baumann, U.; Sassoon, J.
The crystallographic structure of the mannitol 2-dehydrogenase NADP+ binary complicated from Agaricus bisporus
J. Biol. Chem.
276
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Agaricus bisporus
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Sassoon, J.; Horer, S.; Stoop, J.; Mooibroek, H.; Baumann, U.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of mannitol dehydrogenase (MtDH) from the common mushroom Agaricus bisporus
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57
711-713
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Purification and characterization of a novel mannitol dehydrogenase from a newly isolated strain of Candida magnoliae
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
69
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Controlling substrate concentration in fed-batch Candida magnoliae culture increases mannitol production
Biotechnol. Prog.
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Klimacek, M.; Kavanagh, K.L.; Wilson, D.K.; Nidetzky, B.
Pseudomonas fluorescens mannitol 2-dehydrogenase and the family of polyol-specific long-chain dehydrogenases/reductases: sequence-based classification and analysis of structure-function relationships
Chem. Biol. Interact.
143-144
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Purification and characterization of mannitol dehydrogenase and identification of the corresponding cDNA from the head blight fungus, Gibberella zeae (Fusarium graminearum)
Phytochemistry
61
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Sasaki, Y.; Laivenieks, M.; Zeikus, J.G.
Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 53608 mdh gene cloning and recombinant mannitol dehydrogenase characterization
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68
36-41
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Schneider, P.B.; Denk, U.; Breitenbach, M.; Richter, K.; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P.; Nobbe, S.; Himly, M.; Mari, A.; Ebner, C.; Simon-Nobbe, B.
Alternaria alternata NADP-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase is an significant fungal allergen
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Possible roles for mannitol and mannitol dehydrogenase in the biotrophic plant pathogen Uromyces fabae
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html completed
Part Description
LP13948-2 Cladosporium herbarum
Cladosporium is one of the most common colonizers of dying and dead plants and also occurs in various soil types, and on food. This mold is frequently found in uncleaned refrigerators, foodstuffs, on moist window frames, in houses with poor ventilation, with straw roofs, and situated in low, damp areas. It has been isolated from fuel tanks, face creams, paints and textiles.
In the allergic population, sensitisation to moulds may vary from 5 to 30%. The wide range of allergenic proteins in C.
herbarum may result in sensitisation and subsequent expression of a range of immune-related diseases. Cladosporium sensitisation is particularly associated with severe or life-threatening asthma. Upper respiratory symptoms happen with exposure to Cladosporium, but asthma symptoms are more prevalent. Cladosporium may also result in allergic bronchopulmonary cladosporiosis. Copyright Copyright © 2006 Phadia AB.Source: ImmunoCap, ImmunoCap
Testing for IgE antibodies may be useful to establish the diagnosis of an allergic disease and to define the allergens responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms.
Testing also may be useful to identify allergens which may be responsible for allergic disease and/or anaphylactic episode, to confirm sensitization to specific allergens prior to beginning immunotherapy, and to investigate the specificity of allergic reactions to insect venom allergens, drugs, or chemical allergens.
Clinical manifestations of immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) diseases are caused by the release of proinflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins) from immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized effector cells (mast cells and basophils) when cell-bound IgE antibodies interact with allergen.
In vitro serum testing for IgE antibodies provides an indication of the immune response to allergen(s) that may be associated with allergic disease.
The allergens chosen for testing often depend upon the age of the patient, history of allergen exposure, season of the year, and clinical manifestations.
In individuals predisposed to develop allergic disease(s), the sequence of sensitization and clinical manifestations proceed as follows: eczema and respiratory disease (rhinitis and bronchospasm) in infants and children less than 5 years due to food sensitivity (milk, egg, soy, and wheat proteins) followed by respiratory disease (rhinitis and asthma) in older children and adults due to sensitivity to inhalant allergens (dust mite, mold, and pollen inhalants).
Detection of IgE antibodies in serum (Class 1 or greater) indicates an increased likelihood of allergic disease as opposed to other etiologies and defines the allergens that may be responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms.
The level of IgE antibodies in serum varies directly with the concentration of IgE antibodies expressed as a class score or kU/L.
Testing for IgE antibodies is not useful in patients previously treated with immunotherapy to determine if residual clinical sensitivity exists, or in patients in whom the medical management does not depend upon identification of allergen specificity.
Some individuals with clinically insignificant sensitivity to allergens may own measurable levels of IgE antibodies in serum, and results must be interpreted in the clinical context.
False-positive results for IgE antibodies may happen in patients with markedly elevated serum IgE (>2,500 kU/L) due to nonspecific binding to allergen solid phases.
Homburger HA: Chapter 53: Allergic diseases.
In Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st edition. Edited by RA McPherson, MR Pincus. WB Saunders Company, New York, 2007, Part VI, pp 961-971
Searching the Web
Middle East
Table I. Air-borne and allergenic weed pollen grains
| Pollen | Amaranthus | Atriplex | Chenopodium | Salsola | Plantago spp | Kochia spp | Rumex spp |
| Country | |||||||
| K.S.A | +++ (8,9,10,13) $ |
+ (10) |
+++ (10,11,13) |
+++ (10) |
+ (10,13) |
++ (11) |
++ (10,13) |
| Kuwait | NA | NA | ++ (12,14,15,16) |
+++ (12) |
+ (16) |
NA | NA |
| Qatar | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Bahrain | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Oman | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| U.A.E | NA | NA | ++ (17) |
NA | NA | + (17) |
NA |
| Jordan | + (18) |
NA | + (18) |
NA | + (18) |
NA | + (18) |
| Turkey | NA | NA | NA | NA | + (19) |
NA | NA |
| Egypt | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Iran | NA | NA | ++ (20) |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Lebanon | NA | NA | + (21) |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Morocco | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
# NA: No Available Data
$Amaranthus viridis
Table II.
Air-borne and allergenic trees and grasspollen grains
| Pollen | Prosopis juliflora (Mesquite) | Populus deltoides (Cotton wood) | Phoenix dactylifera (Date palm) | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Other Trees | Other Grasses | Misc. Pollen |
| Country | |||||||
| K.S.A | ++ (10,11,13,22) |
++ (11) |
+ (13) |
+ (10,11) |
NA | ++ (11) |
+ (11,13) |
| Kuwait | ++ (14,15,16,22) |
NA | NA | ++ (12,14,15,23) |
NA | NA | + (14,15,16) |
| Qatar | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Bahrain | NA | NA | NA | NA | + (24) |
+ (24) |
NA |
| Oman | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| U.A.E | ++ (17,22) |
++ (17) |
+ (17,25) |
++ (17) |
NA | ++ (17) |
++ (17) |
| Jordan | NA | NA | NA | NA | ++ (18) |
+ (18) |
+ (18) |
| Turkey | ++ (23) |
NA | NA | NA | + (27) |
+++ (27) |
++ (19,27) |
| Egypt | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Iran | NA | NA | NA | NA | ++ (20,28,29) |
++ (20,28,29) |
++ (20,30) |
| Lebanon | NA | NA | NA | + (31) |
NA | NA | + (21,31) |
| Morocco | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | + (32) |
+ (32) |
# NA: No Available Data
Miscellaneous pollen: Acacia, Olea europea, Pinus strobus, Platanus occidentalis, Cupressus arizonica, Lolium multiflorum.
Table III.
Air-borne and allergenic fungalallergens
| Fungi | Alternaria | Aspergillus | Cladosporium | Penicillium | Ulocladium | Misc. fungi |
| Country | ||||||
| K.S.A | ++ (11,13,40,41) |
+ (41) |
+ (13,35,41) |
+ (41) |
+ (13,41) |
+ (13,33,34,39,41) η |
| Kuwait | + (23,36,42) |
+ (23,36) |
+ (23,36,42) |
+ (23,36) |
+ (42) |
+ (14,15,23,36, 42) |
| Qatar | + (43$) |
+ (43) |
++ (43^^) |
+ (43ξ) |
+ (43) |
NA |
| Bahrain | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | + (24) |
| Oman | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| U.A.E | NA | + (44) |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Jordan | + (45) |
+ (45) |
++ (45) |
+ (45) |
+ (45) |
+ (45) |
| Turkey | + (37,46) |
+ (37) |
++ (37,46) |
+ (37) |
NA | + (27) |
| Egypt | + (38$,47$,48) |
++ (38,48,49) |
+ (38,47^,48,49) |
+ (47ξ,48) |
+ (38˜,47˜) |
+ (48,49) |
| Iran | ++ (29,50) |
++ (29,50,51) |
++ (29,50,51) |
++ (29,50,51) |
NA | + (28) |
| Lebanon | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Morocco | NA | NA | NA | + (52) |
NA | NA |
# NA: No Available Data
| Miscellaneous fungi: Candida spp.
(23), Helminthosporium spp. (23), molds (14,15,24,26,27) |
|
| $Alternaria alternata | ^Cladosporium cladosporoides |
| ηBasidiospores | ^^Cladosporium sphaerospermum |
| ξPenicillium chrysogenum | ~Ulocladium tuberculatum |
Table IV. Air-borne and allergenic indoor allergens
| Fungi | Der p 1& Der f 1 Dermatophagoides (House Dust Mite) |
Per a 1 Periplaneta americana (American Cockroach) |
Bla g 1 Blattella germanica (German Cockroach) |
Fel d 1 Felis domesticus (Cat) |
Blo t Blomia tropicalis (House Dust Mite) |
Bla o Blatella orientalis (Oriental Cockroach) |
| Country | ||||||
| K.S.A | ++ (11*^,53*^) |
+ (11) |
+ (11) |
++ (11) |
NA | NA |
| Kuwait | ++ (12*,14,23,54*) |
++ (12) |
++ (12,14,54) |
+ (54,55) |
NA | NA |
| Qatar | ++ (56*^) |
NA | + (56) |
NA | NA | NA |
| Bahrain | + (24) |
NA | NA | + (24) |
NA | NA |
| Oman | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| U.A.E | + (17) |
+ (17) |
+ (17) |
NA | NA | NA |
| Jordan | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Turkey | + (27) |
+ (27) |
+ (27) |
NA | NA | NA |
| Egypt | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Iran | +++ (20*^,28,29,30*^) |
+ (20) |
+ (20) |
NA | NA | NA |
| Lebanon | +++ (31*^) |
NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Morocco | ++ (32) |
NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
# NA: No Available Data
* Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1)
^ Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f 1)
Special InstructionsLibrary of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
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Europe PubMed Central access
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Base Search access
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